All photography captures an image by focusing light reflected from something in the world through a lens and recording that image in a medium. With old-fashioned analog photography, the medium was a film with light-sensitive chemicals that darkened or changed color when struck by light. The film was then processed in a darkroom using various chemicals that caused the image to appear in a "negative" - with the colors reversed - and then light was beamed through the film onto light-sensitive paper which was also exposed to chemicals to produce a "print." The process was time-consuming and included many points where mistakes were possible. It was expensive in terms of materials and labor both, but until the advent of digital photography, it was the only way that photographs could be taken, developed, and preserved.
Instead of this analog process, digital photography focuses the light from the lens onto an array of electronic light sensors hooked up to a computer processing chip to create a digital image and store it in digital memory. The stored image can be seen immediately on the camera's screen, transmitted to other devices for storage or further processing, and digitally published on the Internet.
The advantages of digital over analog photography are enormous. There's no danger of losing photographs by accidentally exposing film, or of making a mistake in the development process that ruins the photo forever. You can see the results of your efforts immediately, and know if you need to retake a shot, as opposed to waiting hours or days before the results are available. There's no delay while the photos are processed; they can be checked at once. That means you don't have to take as many shots in order to be reasonably sure of a good one, and in addition each photo you take costs essentially nothing - no film, no development chemicals, no printing paper or slide materials. Digital photography saves both time and money by making the process more efficient and less wasteful.
You can make perfect copies of a digital photograph, whereas copies of analog photographs lose fidelity the more times copies of copies are made. Digital photographs are taken in exactly the format you will need for digital publication

or for using the photos in a graphic design program. There's no guesswork involved in moving from one medium to another, no wondering how a photo that looks great in an eight by ten glossy will appear when rendered into newsprint.
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